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EIP-2929 Gas cost increases for state access opcodes

FinalCorecreated 2020-09-0134 later proposals build on it

Authors: Vitalik Buterin (@vbuterin), Martin Swende (@holiman)

Built on by (34)

Later proposals that name this one in their requires field.

EIP-2330EXTSLOAD opcodeEIP-2780Resource-based intrinsic transaction gasEIP-2930Optional access listsEIP-3529Reduction in refundsEIP-3584Block Access ListEIP-3651Warm COINBASEEIP-3978Gas refunds on revertsEIP-5027Remove the limit on contract code sizeEIP-5065Instruction for transferring etherEIP-5081Expirable TransactionEIP-5478CREATE2COPY OpcodeEIP-5920PAY opcodeEIP-6046Replace SELFDESTRUCT with DEACTIVATEEIP-6188Nonce CapEIP-6189Alias ContractsEIP-6190Verkle-compatible SELFDESTRUCTEIP-6780SELFDESTRUCT only in same transactionEIP-6810Ex Post Facto Cascading RevertEIP-7069Revamped CALL instructionsEIP-7519Atomic Storage Operations SCREDIT and SDEBITEIP-7620EOF Contract CreationEIP-7650Programmable access listsEIP-7702Set Code for EOAsEIP-7791GAS2ETH opcodeEIP-7906Transaction Assertions via State Diff OpcodeEIP-7907Meter Contract Code Size And Increase LimitEIP-8057Inter-Block Temporal Locality Gas DiscountsEIP-8125Temporary Contract StorageEIP-8130Keystore AccountsEIP-8151Account Code Restricted ecRecoverEIP-8164Native Key Delegation for EOAsEIP-8289Multi-block Access List WarmingEIP-8295State Tiering by PeriodsEIP-8296Fixed-Cutoff State Tiering

What the specification covers

Simple SummaryAbstractMotivationSpecificationParametersStorage read changesSSTORE changesSELFDESTRUCT changesRationaleOpcode costs vs charging per byte of witness dataAdding the accessed_addresses / accessed_storage_keys setsSSTORE gas cost changeChange SSTORE accounting only minimallyHow would gas consumption of average applications increase under this proposal?Rough analysis from witness sizesGoerli analysisBackwards CompatibilityTest CasesImplementationSecurity ConsiderationsContract breakage mitigationsCopyright

This proposal declares no Solidity interface, so there is nothing to compute. It may be a core protocol change, a meta proposal, or written in prose only.

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